Interlude – Cecilia Vicuña (2)

Copyright © Françoise Herrmann

Cecilia Vicuña is also a (translated) poet. A selection of her collections is included in the below Reference section. 

Initially printed as regular 9x6 formatted books, Vicuña's subsequent poetry hybridized art and print.  Thread and word (see image), where pages are folded, tied together with thread, and untied for consultation. Or, where pages are perforated, and held together with threads. 

Vicuña's thread  poetry expresses her almost archeological connection to quipus, the ancient Andean system of knots (quipu in Quechua), used for record-keeping (of payment, inventories, criminal trials, census data, calendars, routes, and rituals). A coherent, pre-Columbian recording-keeping system, until quipus were destroyed, in the 14th century, and quipu masters became persecuted. For Vicuña, however, the ancient knots, with loose end threads, beckon completion, which she has explored, and expertly appropriated in her art and poetry.

Above, the image of a page, translated to English, from Palabra e hilo – Word and thread. Below, the image of a poem that reads los hilos / se hacen palabras ("threads / becoming words"). Part print, part loose end thread, the poem reconnects with, and delicately recreates ancient quipus, which also spoke stories, albeit utilitarian, record-keeping, stories. 

References 

Cecilia Vicuña (poetry)

http://www.ceciliavicuna.com/poetry 

Selected works of poetry

Vicuña, C. (1973). Saborami. Cullompton, UK: Beau Geste Press.
----- (1979). Siete poemas. Bogotá, Columbia: Centro Colombo Americano.
----- (1983). Precario – Precarious. New York NY: Tanam Press.

----- (1984). PALABRARmas. Buenos Aires, Argentina: Ediciones El Imaginero.
----- (1986). Samara. Valle del Cauca, Colombia: Ediciones Embalaje del Museo Rayo.
----- (1990). La Wik’uña. Santiago, Chile: Francisco Zegers Editor.
----- (1992). Unraveling Words & the Weaving of Water. Translated by Eliot Weinberger and Suzanne Jill Levine. Minneapolis, MN: Graywolf Press.
----- (1994). La realidad es una línea. Kortrijk, Belgium: Kanaal Art Foundation.
Vicuna, C. & E. Morgan. (1994). PALABRARmas/WURWAPPINschaw. Edinburgh, Scotland: Morning Star Publications.
----- (1996). Word & Thread. Translated by Rosa Alcalá . Edinburgh, Scotland: Morning Star Publications.
----- (1997). The Precarious: The Art & Poetry of Cecilia Vicuña/ QUIPOem. Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press.
----- (1999). cloud-net. New York. NY: Art in General.

----- (2002). Instan. Berkeley, CA: Kelsey St. Press. 
----- (2004). I tu. Buenos Aires: Argentina: Tsé-Tsé.
----- (2005). Palabrarmas. Santiago, Chile: RIL Editores.
----- (2007). Sabor A Mí. Santiago, Chili: Ediciones Universidad Diego Portales.
----- (2011). Soy Yos: Antología, 1996-2006. Santiago, Chile: Lom Ediciones.
----- (2011). Saborami. Philadelphia, PA: ChainLinks.
----- (2012). Chanccani Quipu. New York, NY: Granary Books.

Interlude – Cecilia Vicuña (1)

Copyright © Françoise Herrmann

2022 is a huge year of recognition for Cecilia Vicuña, Chilean artist, poet, filmmaker, performance artist and activist. Vicuña is currently on show in the rotunda of the New York City Guggenheim Museum (May 27- September 5, 2022), and at the 59th International Art Show, at the Venice Biennale (April 23 – Sept. 25, 2022), where she was awarded a Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement. Vicuña’s art is also commissioned by Hyundai, for an upcoming exhibit at the Tate Modern’s Turbine Room, in London, UK (Oct. 11, 2022 –  April 16,  2023).

About her art, Vicuña states: “Every work of mine seems to be made by a different person, but they are also completely coherent.” (Loos, 2022) Perhaps, that this is the reason why the selection of Venice Biennale pieces highlights her work on canvas, while the selection of Guggenheim pieces highlights her work on quipus. A take on the Andean system of inscription, using knotted cords (quipus in Quechua), the untied ends of which, Vicuña interpreted as an invitation to complete. Ancient threads and knots, which tell a story without words. A history that can nonetheless be accessed through knotting, and to a certain extent rewritten, with new knots that tie into the old ones.

Thus, the Guggenheim show exhibits "Quipu del Extermino" (The Extermination Quipo), the bloodied history of indigenous populations, or of other bloodied his/herstories. Vicuña writes on the walls of the Guggenheim "can we/ack/now/ledge/ex/termi/nation?”, "the quipu is the speaker of blood".

 

Artist, poet, and activist in exile, Vicuña fled Pinochet’s brutal takeover, and dictatorship, for more than two decades, in Chile (Sept. 11, 1973 – March 11, 1990). Fleeing first to London, she then lived several years in the Andes, (in Bogotá, Columbia), settling finally in New York City, since 1980.

The painting below, titled La Comegente (The People Eater), from the 59th International Art Show, at the Venice Biennale, is the artist’s attempt to purify the earth.

The following piece was also curated for the 59th International Art Show, at the Venice Biennale. This piece, titled Virgen Puta addresses the well-known archetypical duality virgin-whore. According to the artist, the duality is depicted on a curvature of space, as patron saint, protecting misguided women, such as herself.  

References

Biennale ART 2022
https://www.labiennale.org/en/art/2022

Cecilia Vicuña
http://www.ceciliavicuna.com/

Guggenheim Museum - Cecilia Vicuña Spin Spin Triangulene.

https://www.guggenheim.org/exhibition/cecilia-vicuna-spin-spin-triangulene

Lloyd-Smith, H. (July 14, 2022). Cecilia Vicuña: the artist.

https://www.wallpaper.com/art/cecilia-vicuna-artist-profile

Loos, T. (March 12, 2021). In the studio with Cecilia Vicuña.
https://galeriemagazine.com/in-the-studio-cecilia-vicuna/

del Valle Schorske, C. (Aug. 22, 2022). Cecilia Vicuña’s Desire Lines. NY Times Magazine.
https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/25/magazine/cecilia-vicuna-art.html?campaign_id=52&emc=edit_ma_20220826&instance_id=70289&nl=the-new-york-times-magazine&regi_id=174597009&segment_id=102434&te=1&user_id=a19b1dc75bfc443afa94dcc93cf5f29e

Tate Modern Turbine Hall
https://www.tate.org.uk/visit/tate-modern/turbine-hall

Oh, patents! eConcrete®

Copyright © Françoise Herrmann

The eConcrete® invention arose from observing the impact of coastline colonization on marine life and the fragile supporting ecosystems. With more than 50% of coastlines inhabited, the impact of coastal economic development is commensurate. Even without factoring in global warming, which will only increase sea levels, compounding soil erosion and the resulting need for more protective concrete armoring of coastlines. However, the construction of cities, ports, piers, sea walls, jetties, or shoreline armoring, is hardly mindful of marine life. Costal constructions, 70% made of concrete, are even detrimental to marine ecosystems. Detrimental, because, for example, traditional concrete is far more alkaline than the ocean, and releases chemicals into the sea. Traditional Coastal Marine Infrastructure (CMI), made of concrete, is also produced with surfaces that are far too smooth and inclined for marine flora and fauna to take hold and grow. Instead, harmful bacteria and invasive species proliferate on the concrete, destroying corals, fish, and marine ecosystems.

Thus, in response to the existing recklessness of human coastal colonization, ecologically engineered eConcrete® changes both the composition and design of concrete structures to produce responsible concrete constructions, able to support marine life, and to cooperate with nature. In contrast to the prior art, for example, the engineered hospitality of eConcrete® marine constructions enables marine flora and fauna  to attach to the concrete infrastructures and to thrive, thus also creating natural bioprotection for the eConcrete® marine constructions. Bioprotection resulting from biogenic buildup, that oysters, serpulid worms, barnacles and corals deposit as calcium carbonate (CaCO3) skeletons on hard surfaces. Buildup that creates natural armoring, in turn also offering habitat for more diverse and valuable species.

A recipient of too many accolades to list, the responsible eConcrete® marine constructions are informed by three synergistic principles: 1. composition, 2. microsurface properties, and 3. three-dimensional design. Together, these principles inform stunningly and variously engineered, 3D marine concrete constructions (see image below), that are also good for the environment, marine life in particular. 

The properties of eConcrete® microsurfaces, the design of three-dimensional structures, and their compositions, are all researched and patented. A patent family, in particular the family member US9538732B2, titled Methods and matrices for promoting fauna and flora growth recites the various aspects of the eConcrete® invention, together with supporting research. Research carried out to evaluate the performance of five innovative concrete matrices. Evaluation of the innovative concrete matrices' capacity to promote biodiversity, against traditional concrete, while still complying with marine construction requirements. The yearlong experiment, deployed in both the tropical Red sea waters, and the more temperate Mediterranean, showed that the new matrices had the capacity to enhance both the qualitative and quantitative growth of marine fauna and flora, without compromising concrete durability.

The abstract of the invention is included below, together with the patent Figures 5a and 5b. Specifically, the Figures 5a and 5b show one set of significant results of the research, respectively for the Red sea (5a) and the Mediterranean sea (5b). The Figures 5a and 5b, show the accumulation of organic (dotted line “O”), and inorganic (straight line “I”) biomass, on the five eConcrete® matrices (M1, M1… M5), against prior art "Portland" concrete, 6 and 12 months, post-deployment.

The invention provides a marine infrastructure comprising a concrete matrix having a pH of less than 12 for use in promoting the growth of fauna and flora in aquatic environment, and methods for promoting the growth of fauna and flora in aquatic environment, including endolitic and epilitic flora and endolitic and epilitic anaerobic and aerobic flora and fauna. [Abstract US9538732B2]

In June 2022, the eConcrete® invention was selected as one of the finalists for a European Inventor Award, in the category of non-European Patent Organization countries.

The Youtube video below shows one of the many eConcrete® projects. Specifically, this project concerns New York Harbor School students, collaborating with †Shimrit Finkel, deceased co-founder of eConcrete Tech Ltd., to restore the oyster habitat that used to thrive on the coastline, and which is capable of naturally protecting the shoreline from erosion. The urgency of the project is palpable, with memories still swaying of hurricane Sandy (Oct. 22 - Nov. 2, 2012), which wreaked havoc, closing down the school for more than a month.

References

eConcrete Tech. Ltd. (Israel) 

https://econcretetech.com/

eConcrete Inc.
https://youtu.be/KanmayUa2ME

eConcrete Inc., Achievements in 2018.
https://youtu.be/0yDGx8KrEx4

Klinefelter, A. (Aug. 31, 2020). ECOncrete®’s co-founders on reconnecting to nature and finding inspiration for revitalizing marine ecosystems (Part 1).
https://biomimicry.org/econcretes-co-founders-on-reconnecting-to-nature-and-finding-inspiration-for-revitalizing-marine-ecosystems-part-1/

Steffen, A. D. (Feb. 28, 2021). eConcrete turns marine infrastructure into thriving natural ecosystems.
https://www.intelligentliving.co/econcrete-marine-infrastructures-thriving-natural-ecosystems/

Oh, Gronk’s shoes! Wolf & Shepherd shankboard

Copyright © Francoise Herrmann

Gronk, aka Rob Gronkowski, four times Superbowl champion, is also Ambassador for a selection of shoes, purported to be the world’s most athletic dress shoes. Whether loafer, brogue or derby, Gronk’s selection, engineered by Wolf & Shepherd, combines the technical innovations of sports shoes, with the luxury of classical Italian leather design for men’s shoes. As Gronk puts it, wearing Wolf & Shepherd dress shoes feels like wearing sneakers: “Cushy, light, and super comfortable, who says you can’t have it all?” Indeed, the 2016 Atlanta, Georgia, Hotline Half-Marathon, was the first half-marathon won by a runner wearing dress shoes, specifically Wolf & Shepherd, honey cap-toe lace-up shoes (Tsuji, 2016).

The lightweight, flexibility and durability of Wolf & Shepherd shoes, aka Gronk’s shoes, are patented in an innovative shankboard technology. A shoe shank is a support structure, inserted between the insole and outsole of a shoe, that plays a structural part in the design of shoes, while lending anatomic support to the foot inside the shoe. The prior art of shoe shanks, for example, invokes metal shanks, and improvements, such as flexible metal shanks. 

The Wolf & Shepherd shankboard technology is recited in the Patent Cooperation Treaty Patent, WO2021061093A1, titled Strong lightweight shankboard system for footwear. Wolf & Shepherd applied for the patent, which was granted to Zach Frey, and Justin Schneider, one of the Wolf & Shepherd (1) founders. The patent was granted on April 1, 2021.

The abstract of the athletic-inspired, Wolf & Shepherd dress shoe invention, is included below, together with the patent drawing Figure 7, depicting an exploded view of a Wolf and Shepherd shoe, comprising the invention shoe shank technology. In particular, the patent Figure 7 depicts the footwear 400, comprising a footbed 412, a shoe upper 410, a midsole 414, an outsole 416, and the invention shankboard 100. The invention shankboard 100 comprises a board 110, made of a flexible or moldable material, enabling a contoured design. The shankboard 100 also comprises a thin, lightweight sheet of material 120, made of carbon fiber, carbon glass, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), bamboo, or other similar materials that provide support and structure, without adding weight. The lightweight sheet of material 120 further comprises a corrugated structure 200 for increased strength and rigidity. The lightweight sheet of material 120 is attached to the board 110 with adhesive, or other securing methods. The board 110 comprises a cutout 140 (not shown), designed to accommodate the corrugated strengthening structure 200 of the sheet of material 120. 

The present disclosure relates to a strong lightweight footwear shankboard construction that uses thin, lightweight, and/or flexible sheets of material that may include one or more structures that strengthen the sheet of material so that when the sheet of material is attached to a composite board ( or the like) to form the shankboard, the shankboard provides the stability and/or durability that is necessary to support a foot and give shoes (or other footwear) structure.

[ Abstract WO2021061093A1]

The video below shows one of Gronk’s craziest dreams – with Wolf & Shepherd!

Note

The Company Wolf & Shepherd was founded by Justin and Hope Schneider (not Mr. Wolf and Mrs. Shepherd), a parent and entrepreneur team, both former Division 1 Track & Field athletes, and designers for Adidas athletic shoes.

References

Tsuji, A. (June 17, 2016). 23-year-old runs half marathon in world record time … in dress shoes.
https://ftw.usatoday.com/2016/06/run-half-marathon-guinness-world-record-dress-shoes

Wolf & Shepherd
https://wolfandshepherd.com/

Oh, patents! The Ruirorap Hybrid Tea rose

Copyright © Françoise Herrmann

Since the Plant Patent Act (now codified in USC Title 35) was voted in 1930, the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) delivers plant patents for new varieties of plants. Plant patents are granted for new plant varieties that are asexually reproduced, excluding tubers such as potatoes (used for food), and uncultivated (freely available) plants.

The US plant patent, USPP14468P3, titled Hybrid Tea rose named ‘Ruirorap’ was granted on January 20, 2004 to Anton Pouw, the renowned Dutch Pouw-rose hybridizer and inventor. The patent was assigned to the equally well-known Dutch De Ruiter rose company, exclusive “Purveyor of the Royal (dutch) Household” since 2015.

The patent recites the hybridizing process, as well as the color and bud size characteristics of the new Ruirorap variety of Hybrid Tea Rose, differentiating the new variety from all others. Interestingly, the Ruirorap Hybrid Tea rose has large red flowers, different from the seed parent, which has pink flowers, and the pollen parent, which has yellow flowers. The new variety was grown from a grafted cutting in the Netherlands, with all the characteristics of the new variety, established and transmitted through repeated propagation.

The bud size (approx. 5 cm long and 3.5 cm wide), together with the petals’, uniform and unchanging, deep shade of red, are the distinguishing characteristics of the Ruirorap Hybrid Tea rose. Using the Royal Horticultural Society Color Chart (RHSCC), the petal color is darker, or near 46A, with a very tiny white (155A) point of attachment, at the base of the petals. From a distance the Ruirorap rose is a deep red rose, whose color does not change as it ages. Otherwise, the Ruirorap Hybrid Tea Rose has no fragrance. In a vase, the flowers last approximately 13 days, with flowers opening very slowly. The average size of the blooms is 12 cm. The plants are susceptible to Blackspot disease, but they are resistant to mildew and rust.  

An image of the Ruirorap Hybrid Tea rose is included above. 

References

1937-2007 – Anton Pouw
https://de-kwakel.com/toen-nu/andere-tijden-870-19/1937-2007-anton-pouw

De Ruiter
https://deruiter.com/en/about-us/

Royal Horticultural Color Charts (RHSCC)
http://rhscf.orgfree.com/

USPTO - United States Patent and Trademark Office

https://www.uspto.gov/ 

USPTO - United States Code Title 35
https://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/pac/mpep/mpep-9015-appx-l.html

Hang in there Sir Rushdie!

Copyright ©  Françoise Herrmann

Stabbed multiple times, on Friday, August 12, 2022, on the Chautauqua Amphitheater stage, in New York City, just before giving a lecture, Sir Salman Rushdie, author of The Satanic Verses, is fighting for his life. With an Iranian Ayatollah Khomeini-issued fatwa, sentencing him to death, since 1989, Sir Rushdie lived in hiding for more than 10 years, before moving to the United States. A fatwa is a judicial ruling issued by a religious Muslim leader. In the case of Sir Salman Rushdie, the fatwa is a death sentence, for both the author and publishers of The Satanic Verses. A death sentence, that any Muslim might carry out, and which also currently includes a fundraised $3.3 million dollar bounty.

Knighted in Great Britain, in 2007, for his services to literature, Sir Rushdie used the name Joseph Anton in hiding, which he then used as the title of his autobiographical memoir Joseph Anton (2012), aka Sir Salman Rushdie. The name Joseph Anton, is a portmanteau combining the names of favorite authors Joseph Conrad and Anton Chekhov.

The Satanic Verses is a work of fiction inspired by the life of the Prophet Muhammad. The book, considered blasphemous by certain religious leaders, was banned in all countries with large Muslim populations, except Turkey. Thus, such countries as Egypt, Pakistan, and the Gulf States, have made possession of the book a punishable offense.

The Japanese translator of The Satanic Verses, Hitoshi Igarashi, was stabbed to death, in Tokyo, in 1991. The Italian translator, Ettore Capriolo, was stabbed and injured in 1991. The Norwegian Publisher of the book, William Nygaard, was shot three times, in an attempted assassination in Olso, in 1993. In 1989, several bookstores were also bombed in the UK.

According to Rushdie, the crime of The Satanic Verses is transgression of the following: “One may not discuss Muhammad as if he were human, with human virtues and weaknesses. One may not discuss the growth of Islam as a historical phenomenon, as an ideology born out of its time. These are the taboos against which The Satanic Verses has transgressed.” (Quoted in The Hill)

Below, the riveting opening paragraph of one of Rushdie’s twelve best-selling novels, Midnight’s Children, awarded the British Booker Prize, for best novel of the year in 1981.

"I WAS BORN in the city of Bombay … once upon a time. No, that won’t do, there’s no getting away from the date: I was born in Doctor Narlikar’s Nursing Home on August 15th, 1947. And the time? The time matters, too. Well then: at night. No, it’s important to be more … On the stroke of midnight, as a matter of fact. Clock-hands joined palms in respectful greeting as I came. Oh, spell it out, spell it out: at the precise instant of India’s arrival at independence, I tumbled forth into the world. There were gasps. And, outside the window, fireworks and crowds. A few seconds later, my father broke his big toe; but his accident was a mere trifle when set beside what had befallen me in that benighted moment, because thanks to the occult tyrannies of those blandly saluting clocks I had been mysteriously handcuffed to history, my destinies indissolubly chained to those of my country. For the next three decades, there was to be no escape. Soothsayers had prophesied me, newspapers celebrated my arrival, politicos ratified my authenticity. I was left entirely without a say in the matter. I, Saleem Sinai, later variously called Snotnose, Stainface, Baldy, Sniffer, Buddha and even Piece-of-the-Moon, had become heavily embroiled in Fate—at the best of times a dangerous sort of involvement. And I couldn’t even wipe my own nose at the time." (Extracted from Midnight's Children)

References
Rai, S. (Aug. 12, 2022). What you need to know about Salman Rushdie and the fatwa against him.
https://thehill.com/homenews/3598309-what-you-need-to-know-about-salman-rushdie-and-the-fatwa-against-him/

Rushdie, S. (1981). Midnight’s Children. Penguin Books: New York, NY.

Rushdie, S. (1988 in the UK, 1989 in the US). The Satanic Verses. Viking Penguin: New York, NY.

Rushdie, S. (2012 ). Joseph Anton: A memoir. Random House: New York, NY.

Oh, patents! The Ruivonk Hybrid Tea rose

Copyright © Françoise Herrmann

According to US patent law (USC 35: 161), the United States Patent and Trademark Office grants plant patents to: “Whoever invents or discovers and asexually reproduces any distinct and new variety of plant, including cultivated sports, mutants, hybrids, and newly found seedlings, other than a tuber propagated plant or a plant found in an uncultivated state[…]". Thus, for example, tubers such as the Irish potato and Jerusalem artichoke are excluded, because the tuber (short thick portion underground) that could be propagated (i.e., asexually reproduced) —therefore, patented— is also used for food. On average, during the past 25 years, the USPTO has granted approximately 1000 plant patents per year, combining applications originating in the US, and from other countries (USPTO Report).

The US plant patent, USPP14663P3, titled Hybrid Tea rose plant named ‘Ruivonk’, was awarded on April 6, 2004, to the renowned, and now deceased,  Dutch Pouw-rose inventor, Anton Pouw. The patent was then assigned to the distinguished Dutch company De Ruiter. A family business with international accolades, originally also specialized in hybridizing and propagating roses for the past 100 years, now managing the licensing of varieties, and the connections between growers and florists. Since 2015, De Ruiter is also designated “Purveyor of the Royal Household” of the Netherlands.

The patent recites the color attractiveness, and long non-fragrant vase life (up to 35 days), that both distinguish the Ruivonk Hybrid Tea rose from all other rose varieties. The patent further specifies the botanical characteristics of the Ruivonk Hybrid Tea rose, in particular, for example: the color of the flowers (bud, sepals and bloom) outer and inner petals, and edges, per the Royal Horticultural Color Charts (RHSCC); the reproductive parts, the plant, new shoots, flower stem and thorns. From a distance, the general color is light pink, with variation of the outer and inner petal surfaces, and edges. As the bloom ages, the color lightens from 62A and 62B, to 62D, per the RHSCC cited.

The Ruivonk variety was first grown from seed in The Netherlands. Reproduction by propagation, using cuttings of the new variety, was established and transmitted through repeated propagation. The plants produce approximately 180 stems per square meter, per year, in a greenhouse (in the Netherlands). 

The patent Figure 1, together with the above image of a Ruivonk rose, are included. Specifically, the patent Figure 1  indexes for the Ruivonk Hybrid Tea rose: a young shoot (1), compounds (3) and (7), leaves (2), (3) and (4), a stem segment without leaves (5), a flower bud after sepals open (6), flowers at different stages of development (7), (8) and (9); and reproductive parts (10), (11) and (12).

References

1937-2007 - Anton Pouw

https://de-kwakel.com/toen-nu/andere-tijden-870-19/1937-2007-anton-pouw

De Ruiter
https://deruiter.com/en/about-us/

Royal Horticultural Color Charts (RHSCC)
http://rhscf.orgfree.com/

USPTO – Plant Patents Report - Granted: 01/01/1996 - 12/31/2020 - Number of Patents Granted as Distributed by Year of Patent Grant, Breakout by Country of Origin (Table A1-1a) and by Ownership Category (Table A1-1b)
https://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/ac/ido/oeip/taf/plant.htm#PartA1_1

USPTO - United States Code Title 35
https://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/pac/mpep/mpep-9015-appx-l.html

In print! Patents on the Soles of Your Shoes (Volume III)

Copyright © Françoise Herrmann

Available at Amazon.com and  Amazon.fr

Among the more than 200 patents cited in Patents on the Soles of Your Shoes, Volume III unexpectedly brings together two early to mid-20th century superstar shoe designer inventors: Israel Miller and André Perugia. Friends and business partners, one on each side of the Atlantic Ocean, the timeless designs and inventions they created brought much-needed comfort and fit, mostly to women’s shoes. Their designs were also illustrated by Andy Warhol, whose drawings were commissioned, in the 1950s, for advertisements in the New York Times. As a result, this volume not only contains photographs of Warhols’ whimsical shoe drawings, Volume III also contains an extensive inventory of the star shoemaker patents. An inventory, illustrated with patent drawing thumbnails for easy identification, as well as augmented with QR Codes, connecting the volume’s inventory to source patents. Two illustrated bilingual glossaries are also included, covering shoe styles and heel types, together with many additional inventions. Historical and contemporary inventions, such as Bluetooth®, Peugeot pepper mills, and Saint Gobain magical glass; plus more inventions, for families, children and pets.

List price: $40.00
6" x 9" (15.24 x 22.86 cm)

257 pages, Full color
ISBN-10: 1542406358
BISAC: Reference / General
ISBN-13: 978-1542406352